Chiyambi:-
Kuyambira chiyambi cha nthawi ya mafakitale, mababu owunikira akhala akupanga mphamvu kwambiri nthawi zonse.Kukhala ndi gwero lanthawi zonse la kuwala kupatula moto womwe ungayende pamagetsi kunali kudumpha kwakukulu kwa chitukuko cha anthu.Pali mbiri yakale kuyambira pomwe tinali mpaka pomwe tili pano pankhani ya magetsi ndi magetsi.
Kupangidwa kwa magetsi, batire ndi mphamvu yamagetsi kunathandiza anthu.Kuyambira pa injini zoyendera nthunzi mpaka maroketi opita ku mwezi, tinakwanitsa kuchita chilichonse chotheka ndi mphamvu ya magetsi.Koma kuti tigwiritse ntchito magetsi, tinapeza kuti tinawononga chuma chambiri padziko lapansi moti inafika nthawi yoti tifufuze magwero ena a mphamvu.
Tidagwiritsadi ntchito madzi ndi mphepo popanga magetsi, koma titapeza malasha, kugwiritsa ntchito magwero ongowonjezera kudatsika.Kenako, mu 1878, William Armstrong anapanga makina opangira magetsi oyamba oyendera madzi, omwe ankapanga magetsi kuchokera m’madzi oyenda.Vuto lalikulu lokhudza magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi loti zimatengera zambiri kuti zikhazikike koma zimapereka mphamvu zochepa.
Pano mu dziko lamakono, mawu akuti "Occupancy Savings" ndi "Daylight Savings" alipo.Werengani zambiri m'nkhaniyi kuti mudziwe njira zatsopano zopulumutsira ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Kupulumutsa masana: -
Mukamufunsa munthu wanzeru za nyumba imene angakonde pakati pa yomwe ili ndi kuwala kwadzuwa kotheratu ndi ina yomwe ili ndi mthunzi ndi nyumba zazitali, mudzapeza yankho lakuti imene yasamba ndi kuwala kwadzuwa ingakhale yothandiza kwambiri.Chifukwa chofanana ndi chakuti simuyenera kudandaula za mababu amagetsi pamene muli ndi dzuŵa pamwamba panu kuti mupereke kuwala.
Kupulumutsa masana, m'mawu osavuta, kumawonedwa ngati kusungitsa mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti iunikire nyumbayo.Tiyeni timvetsetse mawuwa mwatsatanetsatane okhudza zomangamanga ndi masensa.
Kusintha kwa Zomangamanga: -
Tangophunzira kumene kuti tikhoza kusunga mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa osati mababu.Choncho ndi nkhani chabe yosankha kuwala kwa dzuŵa kusiyana ndi kuwala kochita kupanga.Koma mkati mwa nkhalango ya konkire, makamaka m’madera akumunsi, mungapeze kuti kuwala kwa dzuŵa n’kosoŵa kwambiri kumeneko.
Ngakhale pamwamba, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kujambula kuwala kwa dzuwa pamene nyumba zosanjikizana zimazungulirana, kutchinga dzuwa.Koma masiku ano, pali mazenera, mapanelo, ndi magalasi ounikira amene amaikidwa pamakoma ndi kudenga pokonza nyumba.Mwanjira imeneyi, imatha kuwongolera kuwala kwakukulu mkati mwa nyumba kuti ipulumutse mphamvu.
Photocell:-
Photocell kapena photosensor ndi mtundu wa chipangizo chomwe chimatha kuzindikira kuwala kwa chipinda.Pali masensa ozungulira omwe amalumikizidwa ndi babu.Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo choyambirira kuti timvetsetse chomwe photocell ndi.Mukasamutsa foni yanu kuchokera pakuwala kwamanja kupita kukuwala kodziwikiratu, mumapeza kuti foniyo imasintha kuwala molingana ndi kuwala kozungulira.
Izi zimakupulumutsani kuti musachepetse pamanja mulingo wowala wa foni nthawi iliyonse mukakhala pamalo pomwe pali kuwala kokwanira.Chifukwa chamatsengawa ndikuti ma photodiode ena amalumikizidwa ndi chiwonetsero cha foni yanu, yomwe imasonkhanitsa kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndikutumiza magetsi molingana ndi zomwezo.
Zomwezo, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mababu, zingakhale njira yabwino yosungira mphamvu.Nyaliyo imatha kuzindikira nthawi yomwe ikufunika kuyatsidwa, motero imatha kupulumutsa madola osawerengeka ngati itayikidwa padziko lonse lapansi.Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri cha chipangizochi ndi chakuti chimatha kutsanzira kuwala ndi kuwala kofunikira kwa diso la munthu, choncho zimagwira ntchito moyenera.Chipangizo chinanso chomwe chimawonjezedwa ku photocell ndi sensor yokhalamo.Tiyeni tidumphire mopitilira kuti ndi chiyani.
Masensa okhala: -
Muyenera kuti mwawona magetsi ofiira omwe amawoneka akuthwanima m'mabafa, m'makoleji ndi zipinda zochitira misonkhano.N’kutheka kuti panali nthawi ina imene munaganizapo kuti payenera kukhala kamera ya kazitape kumene boma limayang’ana anthu.Yapanganso ziwembu zambiri zokhudzana ndi makamera aukazitapewa.
Chabwino, kukukhumudwitsani, amenewo ndi masensa okhalamo.Kuti zikhale zosavuta, amapangidwa kuti azindikire anthu omwe amadutsa kapena kukhala m'chipinda china.
Masensa okhala ndi mitundu iwiri: -
1. Masensa a infrared
2. Akupanga masensa.
3. Masensa a Microwave
Iwo amagwira ntchito motere:-
1. Masensa a infrared: -
Izi kwenikweni ndi masensa a kutentha, ndipo amapangidwa kuti aziyatsa magetsi kuti aziyatsa babu akadutsa munthu.Imazindikira kusintha kwa mphindi pang'ono pakutentha ndipo imayatsa chipindacho.Choyipa chachikulu pa sensa iyi ndikuti sichingazindikire chinthu china chowoneka bwino.
2. Masensa a Ultrasonic:-
Kuti mugonjetse zovuta za masensa a infuraredi, masensa akupanga amamangiriridwa ku switch yayikulu.Amazindikira kuyenda ndikutumiza magetsi omwe amayatsa babu.Izi ndizowopsa komanso zokhwima, ndipo ngakhale kuyenda pang'ono kumatha kuyatsa babu.Masensa a Ultrasonic amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu ma alarm achitetezo.
Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito masensa, makamaka onse awiriwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndipo amamangiriridwa pamodzi kuti kuyatsa kuchepetsedwe komanso mphamvu zitha kupulumutsidwa komanso palibe vuto mukafuna kuwala.
Mapeto:-
Pankhani yopulumutsa mphamvu, ngakhale masitepe ang'onoang'ono monga kuyenda mtunda waufupi m'malo mokwera galimoto, kuzimitsa makina oziziritsa mpweya pakapanda kufunikira n'kofunika kwambiri ndipo kumathandiza kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha zolakwa za anthu ndi kulephera kuzimitsa magetsi pamene sakufunika, akuti pafupifupi 60% ya bilu magetsi akhoza kupulumutsidwa ku malo amene amafunikira kwa nthawi yeniyeni, monga gawo linalake la kanjira kapena mabafa.
Aliyense ayenera kulonjeza kukhazikitsa zounikira zokhala ndi masensa monga kukhalamo ndi ma photocell chifukwa sizingangopulumutsa ndalama komanso kutithandiza mtsogolo mwabwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera.
Siyani Ndemanga