Isingeniso:-

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezimboni, amalambu okukhanya abe yiwona wokusungulwa okunethonya kunawo wonke.Ukuba nomthombo wokukhanya njalo ngaphandle komlilo owawuzosebenza kugesi kwakuwukugxuma okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesintu.Kunomlando omude ukusuka kulokho esasiyikho kuze kube lapho esikhona manje mayelana nogesi namalambu.

Ukusungulwa kukagesi, ibhethri namandla kagesi kwaba yisibusiso esintwini.Kusukela ezinjinini ezisebenza ngesitimu kuya kumarokhethi ohambo lwenyanga, sifinyelele yonke ingqophamlando ngamandla kagesi.Kodwa ukuze sisebenzise ugesi, sathola ukuthi sesidle umcebo womhlaba omningi kangangokuthi kwaze kwashaya isikhathi sokubheka eminye imithombo yamandla.

Sasebenzisa amanzi nomoya ukukhiqiza ugesi, kodwa ngokutholakala kwamalahle, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo evuselelekayo kwehlile.Khona-ke, ngo-1878, uWilliam Armstrong wakha i-turbine yokuqala esebenzisa amanzi, eyakhiqiza ugesi emanzini agelezayo.Inkinga enkulu mayelana nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuthi kuthatha okuningi ukufakwa kodwa nokho kunikeza amandla amancane kakhulu.

Lapha emhlabeni wanamuhla, amagama athi “Occupancy Savings” kanye “Daylight Savings” akhona.Funda kabanzi esihlokweni ukuze uthole izindlela ezintsha zokonga nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Ukonga emini:-

Uma ubuza noma iyiphi indoda ephile kahle engqondweni ukuthi iyiphi indlu engathanda phakathi kwaleyo egcwele ukukhanya kwelanga nenye esithwe amabhilidi amade, uzothola impendulo yokuthi leyo egezwa ukukhanya kwelanga izosebenza kahle.Isizathu salokhu ukuthi awudingi ukukhathazeka ngama-bulb kagesi uma unelanga ngaphezu kwakho ukuze unikeze ukukhanya.

Ukonga emini, ngamagama alula, kuthathwa njengokulondoloza amandla ngokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga okungokwemvelo ukunikeza ukukhanya endlini.Masiqonde igama ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokwakhiwa nezinzwa.

Izinguquko ku-Architecture: -

Sisanda kufunda ukuthi singonga amandla ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni ukukhanya kwelanga kwemvelo kunokukhanyisa amalambu.Ngakho kumane kuyindaba yokukhetha ukukhanya kwelanga kunokukhanya okwenziwa.Kodwa ngaphakathi kwehlathi likakhonkolo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingezansi, ungase uthole ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kuyindlala kakhulu lapho.

Ngisho nasezitezi ezingaphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima ukuthwebula ukukhanya kwelanga njengoba amabhilidi amabhilidi ezungezana, avimba ilanga.Kodwa namuhla, kunamafasitela, amapaneli, nezibuko ezikhanyayo ezixhunywe ezindongeni nophahla lapho kwakhiwa izindlu.Ngale ndlela, yayizoqondisa ukukhanya okukhulu ngaphakathi kwendlu ukuze konge amandla ngendlela efanele.

I-Photocell:-

I-photocell noma i-photosensor iwuhlobo lwedivayisi ekwazi ukuzwa ukukhanya kwegumbi.Kukhona izinzwa zokukhanya kwe-ambient ezixhunywe kusibani.Ake sithathe isibonelo esiyisisekelo ukuze siqonde ukuthi iyini i-photocell.Uma ususa ifoni yakho ekukhanyeni okwenziwa ngesandla ukuya ekukhanyeni okuzenzakalelayo, uthola ukuthi ifoni ilungisa ukukhanya ngokufanele nokukhanya okuzungezile.

Lesi sici sikusindisa ekwehliseni mathupha izinga lokukhanya kwefoni njalo lapho usendaweni lapho kunokukhanya okuningi kwe-ambient.Isizathu salo mlingo ukuthi ama-photodiode athile anamathiselwe ekubonisweni kwefoni yakho, eqoqa inani lokukhanya futhi idlulise ugesi ngokufanele ngokuphathelene okufanayo.

Okufanayo, uma kusetshenziswe kuma-light bulb, kungaba yindlela enhle yokonga amandla.Isibani sizobona lapho kudingeka sikhanyise, futhi ngaleyo ndlela singonga inqwaba yamadola uma sisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke.Esinye isici esibalulekile sale divayisi ukuthi ingakwazi ukulingisa ukukhanya nokukhanya okudingekayo kweso lomuntu, ngakho-ke isebenza ngokufanele.Enye idivayisi eyengeziwe engezwa ku-photocell inzwa yokuhlala.Ake singene sijule ngokuthi kuyini lokho.

Izinzwa zokuhlala:-

Kumelwe ukuba ubone amalambu abomvu abezobe ecwayiza ezindlini zangasese, emaphasishi nasezindlini zomhlangano.Kungenzeka ukuthi kuke kwaba nesikhathi lapho ubungacabanga ukuthi kufanele kube nekhamera yezinhloli lapho uhulumeni ehlola abantu.Sekuze kwakhahlela nozungu abaningi mayelana nala makhamera ezinhloli.

Nokho, ngokudumazeka kwakho, lezo izinzwa zokuhlala.Ukwenza kube lula, aklanyelwe ukubona abantu abadlulayo noma abahlala ekamelweni elithile.

Izinzwa zokuhlala ziyizinhlobo ezimbili:-

1. Izinzwa ze-infrared

2. Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic.

3. Izinzwa zeMicrowave

Basebenza kanje:-

1. Izinzwa ze-infrared:-

Lezi izinzwa zokushisa, futhi zenzelwe ukuvula ugesi ukuze uvule isibani lapho umuntu edlula.Ithola izinguquko ezincane ekushiseni bese ikhanyisa igumbi.I-drawback enkulu kule nzwa ukuthi ayikwazi ukubona idlule into ethile e-opaque.

2. Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic:-

Ukuze unqobe izithiyo zezinzwa ze-infrared, izinzwa ze-ultrasonic zinamathiselwe kusishintshi esikhulu.Babona ukunyakaza bese behambisa ugesi okhanyisa isibani.Lokhu kubi kakhulu futhi kuqinile, futhi ngisho nokunyakaza okuncane kungakhanyisa isibani.Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic nazo zisetshenziswa kuma-alamu okuphepha.

Uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni izinzwa, ikakhulukazi zombili zisetshenziswa kanyekanye futhi zixhunywe ndawonye ukuze ukukhanya kuncishiswe futhi kugcinwe amandla futhi akukho ukuphatheka kabi lapho udinga ukukhanya.

Iziphetho:-

Uma kuziwa ekongeni amandla, ngisho nezinyathelo ezincane ezinjengokuhamba ibanga elifushane kunokuthatha imoto, ukucisha isiphephetha-moya lapho singadingeki kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kusiza kakhulu.

Ngenxa yephutha lomuntu kanye nokwehluleka ukucisha izibani lapho kungadingeki, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe u-60% wesikweletu sikagesi singagcinelwa izindawo eziwudinga isikhathi esithile, njengengxenye ethile yephasishi noma amagumbi okugeza.

Wonke umuntu kufanele azibophezele ukufaka izibani ngezinzwa ezifana ne-occupancy nama-photocells njengoba engeke nje onge imali kodwa futhi asisiza ngekusasa eliqhakazile ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi nokusebenzisa kahle.